Add typst reader tests.

Closes #8942.

1 files changed, 510 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/test/undergradmath.typ b/test/undergradmath.typ
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+// Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
+// https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/
+
+// Meta data
+#set document(title: "Typst Math for Undergrads", author: "johanvx")
+
+// Margin
+#set page(margin: 0.5in)
+
+// Font size
+#let scriptsize = 7pt
+#let normalsize = 10pt
+#let large = 12pt
+#set text(size: normalsize, lang: "en")
+
+// Some horizontal spacing
+#let kern(length) = h(length, weak: true)
+#let enspace = kern(0.5em)
+#let qquad = h(2em)
+
+// For table/grid, something like "lhs \enspace rhs"
+#let cell(lhs, rhs) = box(lhs + enspace + rhs)
+// Grid for code blocks
+#set grid(columns: (2em, auto))
+// Table for math-code listing
+#set table(stroke: none, align: horizon + left, inset: 0pt, row-gutter: 0.45em)
+
+// LaTeX and TeX logos
+#let TeX = style(styles => {
+  let e = measure(text(normalsize, "E"), styles)
+  let T = "T"
+  let E = text(normalsize, baseline: e.height / 2, "E")
+  let X = "X"
+  box(T + kern(-0.1667em) + E + kern(-0.125em) + X)
+})
+#let LaTeX = style(styles => {
+  let l = measure(text(10pt, "L"), styles)
+  let a = measure(text(7pt, "A"), styles)
+  let L = "L"
+  let A = text(7pt, baseline: a.height - l.height, "A")
+  box(L + kern(-0.36em) + A + kern(-0.15em) + TeX)
+})
+
+// Update date
+#let date = "2023-05-22"
+
+// Unavailable (last check date)
+#show "??": box(text(red, [#date #emoji.crossmark]))
+// Tricky
+#show "!!": box(text(blue, emoji.drops))
+// No idea
+#show "?!": box(text(orange, [No idea #emoji.face.unhappy]))
+// Tricky figure numbering
+#set figure(numbering: n => {
+  ([??], [!!], [?!]).at(n - 1)
+})
+// No prefix
+#set ref(supplement: "")
+
+// Justified paragraphs
+#set par(justify: true)
+
+// Two-column body
+#show: rest => columns(2, rest)
+
+// headcolor
+#let headcolor = rgb("004225")
+
+// Run-in sections, like LaTeX \paragraph
+#show heading.where(
+  level: 1
+): it => text(
+  size: normalsize,
+  weight: "bold",
+  fill: headcolor,
+  it.body + h(0.67em)
+)
+
+// Black raw code
+// #show raw.where(block: false): it => { it.text }
+
+// Title
+#align(center, link("https://github.com/johanvx/typst-undergradmath")[
+  #text(large, headcolor)[*Typst Math for Undergrads*]
+])
+
+// Put this here to avoid affecting the title
+#show link: underline
+
+This is a Typst port of _#LaTeX Math for Undergrads_ by Jim Hefferon.
+The original version is available at #link("https://gitlab.com/jim.hefferon/undergradmath").
+
+= Meaning of annotations
+#figure(
+  table(
+    columns: (1fr, 2fr),
+    [??], [This is unavailable. Last check date is #date.],
+  )
+) <unavailable>
+#figure(
+  table(
+    columns: (1fr, 2fr),
+    [!!], [Get this in a tricky way. Need a simpler method.],
+  )
+) <tricky>
+#figure(
+  table(
+    columns: (1fr, 2fr),
+    [?!], [Don't know how to get this.],
+  )
+) <noidea>
+
+= Rule One
+Any mathematics at all, even a single character, gets a mathematical setting.
+Thus, for "the value of $x$ is $7$" enter `the value of $x$ is $7$`.
+
+= Template
+Your document should contain at least this.
+
+#grid(
+  "",
+  ```
+  -- document body here --
+  ```
+)
+
+= Common constructs
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1.5em,
+  cell($x^2$, `x^2`),
+  cell([$sqrt(2)$, $root(n, 3)$], [`sqrt(2)`, `root(n, 3)`]),
+  cell($x_(i, j)$, `x_(i, j)`),
+  cell([$2 / 3$, $2 \/ 3$], [`2 / 3`, `2 \/ 3` or `2 slash 3`]), // Maybe use `slash`?
+))
+
+= Calligraphic letters
+Use as in `$cal(A)$`.
+
+$ cal(A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z) $
+
+Getting script letters is @unavailable.
+
+= Greek
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  cell($alpha$, `alpha`), cell([$xi$, $Xi$], [`xi`, `Xi`]),
+  cell($beta$, `beta`), cell($omicron$, `omicron`),
+  cell([$gamma$, $Gamma$], [`gamma`, `Gamma`]), cell([$pi$, $Pi$], [`pi`, `Pi`]),
+  cell([$delta$, $Delta$], [`delta`, `Delta`]), cell($pi.alt$, `pi.alt`),
+  cell($epsilon.alt$, `epsilon.alt`), cell($rho$, `rho`),
+  cell($epsilon$, `epsilon`), cell($rho.alt$, `rho.alt`),
+  cell($zeta$, `zeta`), cell([$sigma$, $Sigma$], [`sigma`, `Sigma`]),
+  cell($eta$, `eta`), cell($\u{03C2}$, [`\u{03C2}` @tricky]),
+  cell([$theta$, $Theta$], [`theta`, `Theta`]), cell($tau$, `tau`),
+  cell($theta.alt$, `theta.alt`), cell([$upsilon$, $Upsilon$], [`upsilon`, `Upsilon`]),
+  cell($iota$, `iota`), cell([$phi.alt$, $Phi$], [`phi.alt`, `Phi`]),
+  cell($kappa$, $Kappa$), cell($phi$, `phi`),
+  cell([$lambda$, $Lambda$], [`lambda`, `Lambda`]), cell($chi$, `chi`),
+  cell($mu$, `mu`), cell([$psi$, $Psi$], [`psi`, `Psi`]),
+  cell($nu$, `nu`), cell([$omega$, $Omega$], [`omega`, `Omega`]),
+))
+
+= Sets and logic
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  cell($union$, `union`), cell($RR$, [`RR`, `bb(R)`]), cell($forall$, `forall`),
+  cell($sect$, `sect`), cell($bb(Z)$, [`ZZ`, `bb(Z)`]), cell($exists$, `exists`),
+  cell($subset$, `subset`), cell($bb(Q)$, [`QQ`, `bb(Q)`]), cell($not$, `not`),
+  cell($subset.eq$, `subset.eq`), cell($bb(N)$, [`NN`, `bb(N)`]), cell($or$, `or`),
+  cell($supset$, `supset`), cell($bb(C)$, [`CC`, `bb(C)`]), cell($and$, `and`),
+  cell($supset.eq$, `supset.eq`), cell($diameter$, [`diameter`]), cell($tack.r$, `tack.r`),
+  cell($in$, `in`), cell($nothing$, `nothing`), cell($models$, `models`),
+  cell($in.not$, `in.not`), cell($alef$, `alef`), cell($without$, `without`),
+))
+
+Negate an operator, as in $subset.not$, with `subset.not`.
+Get the set complement $A^(sans(c))$ with `A^(sans(c))` (or $A^(complement)$ with `A^(complement)`, or $overline(A)$ with `overline(A)`).
+
+// https://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/fonts/newcomputermodern
+//
+// README
+//
+//     Version 3.93
+//
+//       Provides access to Russian and Greek guillemotleft and guillemotright
+//     using the character variant tables cv3 and cv4 respectively.
+//
+//       The Math fonts provide the character \varnothing, an alternative to \emptyset,
+//     through Character Variant cv01. The fontsetup package provides the option
+//     'varnothing' to easily switch to the alternative character.
+
+// https://mirrors.sustech.edu.cn/CTAN/fonts/newcomputermodern/doc/newcm-doc.pdf
+// The NewComputerModern FontFamily §13.3
+// The Math fonts provide the character \varnothing (⌀, U+2300), as an alternative to \emptyset (a slashed zero), through Character Variant cv01.
+// The fontsetup package provides the option ‘varnothing’ to easily switch to the alternative character.
+
+/ Remark: Using `diameter` for `\varnothing` may cause some confusion. However, #LaTeX also uses $diameter$ (`\u{2300}`) instead of $\u{2205}$ (`\u{2205}`), see #link("https://mirrors.sustech.edu.cn/CTAN/fonts/newcomputermodern/doc/newcm-doc.pdf")[newcm $section$13.3].
+  Another solution is to use `text(font: "Fira Sans", nothing)`, but the resultant glyph $text(font: "Fira Sans", nothing)$ is subtly different from the widely used one.
+  Ultimately, the choice is always *your decision*.
+
+= Decorations
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  cell($f'$, [`f'`, `f prime`]), cell($dot(a)$, `dot(a)`), cell($tilde(a)$, `tilde(a)`),
+  cell($f prime.double$, `f prime.double`), cell($diaer(a)$, `diaer(a)`), cell($macron(a)$, `macron(a)`),
+  cell($Sigma^*$, `Sigma^*`), cell($hat(a)$, `hat(a)`), cell($arrow(a)$, `arrow(a)`),
+))
+
+If the decorated letter is $i$ or $j$ then some decorations need `\u{1D6A4}` @tricky and `\u{1D6A5}` @tricky, as in $arrow(\u{1D6A4})$ with `arrow(\u{1D6A4})`.
+Some authors use boldface for vectors: `bold(x)`.
+
+Entering `overline(x + y)` produces $overline(x + y)$, and `hat(x + y)` gives $hat(x + y)$.
+Comment on an expression as here (there is also `overbrace(..)`).
+
+#align(center, cell(
+  $underbrace(x + y, |A|)$,
+  `underbrace(x + y, |A|)`,
+))
+
+= Dots
+Use low dots in a list ${0, 1, 2, ...}$, entered as `{0, 1, 2, ...}`.
+Use centered dots in a sum or product $1 + dots.h.c + 100$, entered as  `1 + dots.h.c + 100`.
+You can also get vertical dots `dots.v`, diagonal dots `dots.down` and anti-diagonal dots `dots.up`.
+
+= Roman names
+Just type them!
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  column-gutter: 1.5em,
+  cell($sin$, `sin`), cell($sinh$, `sinh`), cell($arcsin$, `arcsin`),
+  cell($cos$, `cos`), cell($cosh$, `cosh`), cell($arccos$, `arccos`),
+  cell($tan$, `tan`), cell($tanh$, `tanh`), cell($arctan$, `arctan`),
+  cell($sec$, `sec`), cell($coth$, `coth`), cell($min$, `min`),
+  cell($csc$, `csc`), cell($det$, `det`), cell($max$, `max`),
+  cell($cot$, `cot`), cell($dim$, `dim`), cell($inf$, `inf`),
+  cell($exp$, `exp`), cell($ker$, `ker`), cell($sup$, `sup`),
+  cell($log$, `log`), cell($deg$, `deg`), cell($liminf$, `liminf`),
+  cell($ln$, `ln`), cell($arg$, `arg`), cell($limsup$, `limsup`),
+  cell($lg$, `lg`), cell($gcd$, `gcd`), cell($lim$, `lim`),
+))
+
+= Other symbols
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  column-gutter: 1.2em,
+  cell($<$, [`<`, `lt`]), cell($angle$, `angle`), cell($dot$, [`dot`]),
+  cell($<=$, [`<=`, `lt.eq`]), cell($angle.arc$, `angle.arc`), cell($plus.minus$, `plus.minus`),
+  cell($>$, [`>`, `gt`]), cell($ell$, `ell`), cell($minus.plus$, `minus.plus`),
+  cell($>=$, [`>=`, `gt.eq`]), cell($parallel$, `parallel`), cell($times$, `times`),
+  cell($!=$, [`!=`, `eq.not`]), cell($45 degree$, `45 degree`), cell($div$, `div`),
+  cell($<<$, [`<<`, `lt.double`]), cell($tilde.eqq$, `tilde.eqq`), cell($*$, [`*`, `ast`]),
+  cell($>>$, [`>>`, `gt.double`]), cell($tilde.eqq.not$, `tilde.eqq.not`), cell($divides$, `divides`),
+  cell($approx$, `approx`), cell($tilde$, `tilde`), cell($divides.not$, `divides.not`),
+  cell($\u{224D}$, [`\u{224D}` @tricky]), cell($tilde.eq$, `tilde.eq`), cell($n!$, `n!`),
+  cell($ident$, `ident`), cell($tilde.not$, `tilde.not`), cell($diff$, `diff`),
+  cell($prec$, `prec`), cell($plus.circle$, `plus.circle`), cell($nabla$, `nabla`),
+  cell($prec.eq$, `prec.eq`), cell($minus.circle$, `minus.cirle`), cell($planck.reduce$, `planck.reduce`),
+  cell($succ$, `succ`), cell($dot.circle$, `dot.circle`), cell($circle.stroked.tiny$, `circle.stroked.tiny`),
+  cell($succ.eq$, `succ.eq`), cell($times.circle$, `times.circle`), cell($star$, `star`),
+  cell($prop$, `prop`), cell($\u{2298}$, [`\u{2298}` @tricky]), cell($sqrt("")$, `sqrt("")`),
+  cell($\u{2250}$, [`\u{2250}` @tricky]), cell($harpoon.tr$, `harpoon.tr`), cell($checkmark$, `checkmark`),
+))
+
+Use `a divides b` for the divides relation, $a divides b$, and `a divides.not b` for the negation, $a divides.not b$.
+Use `|` to get set builder notation ${a in S | a "is odd"}$ with `{a in S | a "is odd"}`.
+
+= Arrows
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1.5em,
+  cell($->$, [`->`, `arrow.r`]), cell($|->$, [`|->`, `arrow.r.bar`]),
+  cell($arrow.r.not$, `arrow.r.not`), cell($arrow.r.long.bar$, `arrow.r.long.bar`),
+  cell($arrow.r.long$, `arrow.r.long`), cell($<-$, [`<-`, `arrow.l`]),
+  cell($=>$, [`=>`, `arrow.r.double`]), cell($<->$, [`<->`, `arrow.l.r`]),
+  cell($arrow.r.double.not$, `arrow.r.double.not`), cell($arrow.b$, `arrow.b`),
+  cell($arrow.r.double.long$, `arrow.r.double.long`), cell($arrow.t$, `arrow.t`),
+  cell($arrow.squiggly$, `arrow.squiggly`), cell($arrow.t.b$, `arrow.t.b`),
+))
+
+The right arrows in the first column have matching left arrows, such as `arrow.l.not`, and there are some other matches for down arrows, etc.
+
+= Variable-sized operators
+The summation $sum_(j = 0)^3 j^2$ `sum_(j = 0)^3 j^2` and the integral $integral_(x = 0)^3 x^2 dif x$ `integral_(x = 0)^3 x^2 dif x` expand when displayed.
+
+$ sum_(j = 0)^3 j^2 qquad integral_(x = 0)^3 x^2 dif x $
+
+These do the same.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  cell($integral$, `integral`), cell($integral.triple$, `integral.triple`), cell($union.big$, `union.big`),
+  cell($integral.double$, `integral.double`), cell($integral.cont$, `integral.cont`), cell($sect.big$, `sect.big`),
+))
+
+= Fences
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 3,
+  column-gutter: 1.5em,
+  cell($()$, `()`), cell($angle.l angle.r$, `angle.l angle.r`), cell($abs("")$, `abs("")`),
+  cell($[]$, `[]`), cell($floor("")$, `floor("")`), cell($norm("")$, `norm("")`),
+  cell(${}$, `{}`), cell($ceil("")$, `ceil("")`),
+))
+
+Fix the size with the `lr` function.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 0.5em,
+  $ lr([sum_(k = 0)^n e^(k^2)], size: #50%) $,
+  ```
+  lr([sum_(k = 0)^n e^(k^2)], size: #50%)
+  ```,
+))
+
+To have them grow with the enclosed formula, also use the `lr` function.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ lr(angle.l i, 2^(2^i) angle.r) $,
+  ```
+  lr(angle.l i, 2^(2^i) angle.r)
+  ```,
+))
+
+Fences scale by default if entered directly as codepoints, and don't scale automatically if entered as symbol notation.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ (1 / n^(alpha)) $,
+  ```
+  (1 / n^(alpha))
+  ```,
+  $ paren.l 1 / n^(alpha) paren.r $,
+  ```
+  paren.l 1 / n^(alpha) paren.r
+  ```,
+))
+
+The `lr` function also allows to scale unmatched delimiters and one-side fences.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ lr(frac(dif f, dif x) |)_(x_0) $,
+  ```
+  lr(frac(dif f, dif x) |)_(x_0)
+  ```,
+))
+
+= Arrays, Matrices
+Get a matrix with the `mat` function. You can pass an array to it.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ mat(a, b; c, d) $,
+  ```
+  $ mat(a, b; c, d) $
+  ```
+))
+
+In Typst, #link("https://typst.app/docs/reference/typst/array")[array] is a sequence of values,
+while in #LaTeX, array is a matrix without fences, which is `$mat(delim: #none, ..)$` in Typst.
+
+For the determinant use `|A|`, text operator $det$ `det` or `mat(delim: "|", ..)`.
+
+Definition by cases can be easily obtained with the `cases` function.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ f_n = cases(
+    a &"if" n = 0,
+    r dot f_(n - 1) &"else"
+  ) $,
+  ```
+  $ f_n = cases(
+    a &"if" n = 0,
+    r dot f_(n - 1) &"else"
+  ) $
+  ```
+))
+
+= Spacing in mathematics
+Improve $sqrt(2) x$ to $sqrt(2) thin x$ with a thin space, as in `sqrt(2) thin x`.
+Slightly wider are `medium` and `thick` (the three are in ratio $3 : 4 : 5$).
+Bigger space is `quad` for $arrow.r quad arrow.l$, which is useful between parts of a display.
+Get arbitrary space with the `h` function.
+For example, use `#h(2em)` for `\qquad` in #LaTeX and `#h(-0.1667em)` for `\!`.
+
+= Displayed equations
+Display equations in a block level using `$ ... $` with at least one space separating the math content and the `$`.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ S = k dot lg W $,
+  ```
+  $ S = k dot lg W $
+  ```,
+))
+
+You can break into multiple lines.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ sin(x) = x - x^3 / 3! \
+      + x^5 / 5! - dots.h.c $,
+  ```
+  $ sin(x) = x - x^3 / 3! \
+      + x^5 / 5! - dots.h.c $
+  ```,
+))
+
+Align equations using `&`
+
+#align(center, table(
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  $ nabla dot bold(D) &= rho \
+    nabla dot bold(B) &= 0 $,
+  ```
+  $ nabla dot bold(D) &= rho \
+    nabla dot bold(B) &= 0 $
+  ```,
+))
+
+(the left or right side of an alignment can be empty).
+Get a numbered version by `#set math.equation(numbering: ..)`.
+
+= Calculus examples
+The last three here are display style.
+
+#align(center, table(
+  align: horizon,
+  columns: 2,
+  column-gutter: 1em,
+  block($f: RR -> RR$),
+  ```
+  f: RR -> RR
+  ```,
+  block($"9.8" "m/s"^2$),
+  block([`"9.8" "m/s"^2` @tricky]),
+  $ lim_(h->0) (f(x+h)-f(x))/h $,
+  ```
+  lim_(h -> 0) (f(x + h) - f(x)) / h
+  ```,
+  $ integral x^2 dif x = x^3 \/ 3 + C $,
+  ```
+  integral x^2 dif x = x^3 \/ 3 + C
+  ```,
+  $ nabla = bold(i) dif / (dif x) + bold(j) dif / (dif y) + bold(k) dif / (dif z) $,
+  ```
+  nabla = bold(i) dif / (dif x) + bold(j) dif / (dif y) + bold(k) dif / (dif z)
+  ```,
+))
+
+= Discrete mathematics examples
+For modulo, there is a symbol $ident$ from `ident` and a text operator $mod$ from `mod`.
+
+For combinations the binomial symbol $binom(n, k)$ is from `binom(n, k)`.
+This resizes to be bigger in a display.
+
+For permutations use $n^(underline(r))$ from `n^(underline(r))` (some authors use $P(n, r)$, or $""_n P_r$ from `""_n P_r`).
+
+= Statistics examples
+#align(center, table(
+  align: horizon,
+  columns: 2,
+  block($sigma^2 = sqrt(sum(x_i - mu)^2 \/ N)$),
+  ```
+  sigma^2 = sqrt(sum(x_i - mu)^2 \/ N)
+  ```,
+  block($E(X) = mu_X = sum(x_i - P(x_i))$),
+  ```
+  E(X) = mu_X = sum(x_i - P(x_i))
+  ```,
+))
+
+The probability density of the normal distribution
+
+$ 1 / sqrt(2 sigma^2 pi) e^(- (x - mu)^2 / (2 sigma^2)) $
+
+comes from this.
+
+#grid(
+  "",
+  ```
+  1 / sqrt(2 sigma^2 pi)
+    e^(- (x - mu)^2 / (2 sigma^2))
+  ```
+)
+
+= For more
+See also the Typst Documentation at #link("https://typst.app/docs").
+
+#v(1fr)
+
+#block(
+  line(length: 100%, stroke: headcolor) +
+  text(headcolor)[johanvx (https://github.com/johanvx) #h(1fr) #date]
+)