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| author | Klaatu Sverige <[email protected]> | 2015-08-05 21:31:21 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Klaatu Sverige <[email protected]> | 2015-08-05 21:31:21 +0000 |
| commit | 86f0721bd904d8163c5f8f2472b78169146cc67d (patch) | |
| tree | cf9e61bd495c73ece45b96242e6f575af228d01d /riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html | |
| parent | 75a501d32dff3c1c1ee9a2a3dc6d5b704cc7c6d1 (diff) | |
added website data, because it had heaps of good tutorials and info
Diffstat (limited to 'riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html | 395 |
1 files changed, 395 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html b/riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..708382e --- /dev/null +++ b/riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit.html @@ -0,0 +1,395 @@ +<html> +<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css"> +<title>ninit - small Linux/UNIX init</title> +<body> + +<div class="top"> +<ul class="nav"> + <li><a href="all.html">All files</a> +</ul> + +<h1>ninit - a small replacement of init</h1> +<div class="endtop"></div> +</div> + +Release: +<!-- +<a href=ninit-0.12.1.tar.bz2>ninit-0.12.1.tar.bz2</a> (stable) +--> +<a href=ninit-0.14.tar.bz2>ninit-0.14.tar.bz2</a> +<br> Author's private <i>/etc/ninit/</i> +<a href=ninit-data.tar.gz>ninit-data.tar.gz</a> :: +<a href=http://gitorious.org/arch-ninit/ninit-scripts>archlinux</a> +<br> +<p> + +<table align=top> +<td> +<ul> +<li><a name='toc0' href='#HowItWorks'>How it works</a></li> +<li><a name='toc1' href='#Install'>Install</a></li> +<li><a name='toc2' href='#PostInstall'>Post install</a></li> +<li><a name='toc4' href=man/>Manpages</a></li> +</ul> +</td> + +<td> +<ul> +<li><a name='toc5' href=all.html>Download</a></li> +<li><a name='toc3' href='#Updating'>Updating <tt>ninit</tt></a></li> +<li><a name='toc6' href=FAQ.html>FAQ</a></li> +<li><a name='toc10' href=ninit-html.tar.bz2>HTML</a></li> +</ul> +</td> + +<td> +<ul><li><a name='toc11' href='#HaltReboot'>Halt & Reboot</a></li> +<li><a name='toc8' href=subdirs.html>Subdirs</a> - +<font color=magenta>read me!</font></li> +<li><a name='toc888' href=files.html>Files</a> - +<font color=magenta>read me!</font></li> + +<li><a name='toc9' href="subdirs.html#Services">Creating</a> services</li> +</ul> +</td> +<!-- +11 +--> +</table> + +<p> +<a href=/ninit/guarantee.html>The ninit security guarantee</a> +<!-- +<br> +<a href=LK/>Linux-Kongress 2009 submission</a> +--> + +<h2><a name="New">What's new</a></h2> +<ul> +<li> 20100116 - version + <a href=ninit-0.14.tar.bz2>ninit-0.14.tar.bz2</a> uploaded. +</li> +<li> 20090110 - version + <a href=old/ninit-0.13.tar.bz2>ninit-0.13.tar.bz2</a> uploaded. +</li> +<!-- +<li> 20080103 - version + <a href=old/ninit-0.12.1.tar.bz2>ninit-0.12.1.tar.bz2</a> uploaded. +</li> +<li> 20071102 - version + <a href=old/>ninit-0.12.tar.bz2</a> uploaded. +</li> +<li> 20071025 - version + <a href=old/>ninit-0.11.2.tar.bz2</a> uploaded. + Ninit have buildin cron and uses only 8K RAM (two pages). +</li> +--> +<li> 20071010 - mailing lists for ninit.</li> +</ul> + +<h2><a name="About">About</a></h2> +<b>ninit</b> is a fork from Felix von Leitner's +<a href=http://www.fefe.de/minit/>minit</a>. +Some other related <a href=links.html>links</a>. +<br> +<!-- +Like any other piece of software (and information generally),<br> +ninit comes with NO WARRANTY. +<p> +--> +<a name=List> +There is a +mailing list +for ninit. To subscribe, +send an empty message +to <br> +<font size=+1> +<a href= +mailto:ninit-subscribe@riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg +> +ninit-subscribe@riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg +</a> +</font> +</a> +<br> +Some delay is possible due to +greylisting. + +<p> +<b>ninit</b> uses minimal resources (arch: i386; kernel: 2.4.37): +<pre> + USER PID %CPU %MEM VSZ RSS TTY STAT START TIME COMMAND + root 1 0.0 0.0 8 8 ? S Oct08 0:03 /sbin/ninit + + text data bss dec hex filename + 3642 20 56 3718 e86 /sbin/ninit +</pre> + +<h2><a name="Install">Install</a></h2> +You have to build and install ninit first. I prefer to do this +with Fefe's <a href=http://www.fefe.de/dietlibc/>dietlibc</a>. +<br> +Download the latest stabe + <a href=http://riemann.fmi.uni-sofia.bg/ninit/ninit-0.14.tar.bz2> + ninit-0.14.tar.bz2</a> release. Then: + +<pre> + bzip2 -dc ninit-0.14.tar.bz2 | tar -xvf - + cd ninit-0.14 + +Case-A: If you have dietlibc already working do: + $ make withdiet; make tests + # make install + +Case-B: If you do not have dietlibc do: + $ make dietbuild; make tests + # make install +</pre> +To compile <tt>ninit</tt> with glibc do: +<pre> + $ make nodiet; make tests + # make install +</pre> +Only <tt>make install</tt> must be started as root! +Other install instructions are <a href=install.html>here</a>. +You can type also <tt>make strip</tt> before <tt>make install</tt>. +The distributions +<b><font color=magenta>should read</font></b> +this <a href=install.html#Warning>warning</a>. + +<h2><a name="PostInstall">Post install</a></h2> + +You have to prepare service directory <tt>/etc/ninit</tt> +and to setup +<br> +boot loader (grub or lilo) to start +<tt>/sbin/ninit</tt> instead of <tt>/sbin/init</tt> +<p> + +<h4>Preparing directory <tt>/etc/ninit</tt></h4> + +<b>Case A.</b> + +If you already have <tt>ninit</tt> running, then you +already have this directory and can skip to +<a href='#Updating'>updating</a> ninit. +<p> +<b>Case B.</b> If you already have +<tt><a href="http://www.fefe.de/minit/">minit</a></tt> running do +simply: +<a name="SamePipes"> +<pre> + cd /etc && cp -p -R minit/* ninit +</pre> +</a> + +<b>Case C.</b> If your default init is <tt>/sbin/init</tt> it's also +easy. +<br> +I wrote a simple converter +<tt><a href=man/inittab.man>ninit-inittab</tt></a>. +Try it with: +<pre> + /sbin/ninit-inittab /etc/inittab /etc/ninit /tmp/ninit.sh + /tmp/ninit.sh +</pre> +Last two commands are equivalent to: +<pre> + make ser_vi_ces +</pre> +<hr> + +<h4>Setup lilo/grub to boot <tt>/sbin/ninit</tt></h4> + +To use <tt>ninit</tt> as system init add the parameter +<tt>init=/sbin/ninit</tt> +<br> +to your kernel command line. +See some short instructions <a href=boot.html>here</a>. +<br> +After that you have to reboot the system. + +<h2><a name="Updating">Updating <tt>ninit</tt></a></h2> +If <tt>ninit</tt> is already running your boot loader is +already prepared to start <tt>/sbin/ninit</tt>. After +installation all is done automatically. Simply do nothing more! +<p> +You can test the new executable (before <tt>make install</tt>) +also with: +<pre> + /sbin/ninit-reload -v -u /path/to/new/ninit + cp /path/to/new/ninit /sbin + cp /path/to/new/ninit-reload /sbin + /sbin/ninit-reload -v -u /sbin/ninit +</pre> + +<h2><a name="HowItWorks">How it works</a></h2> + +For ninit, everything is a service, which should either be started +once or respawned. Ninit expects its configuration in the +<tt>/etc/ninit</tt> directory. +You have to create +all services in this directory +manually or using the program +<tt><a href=man/inittab.man>ninit-inittab</tt></a>. +My private <a href=ninit-data.tar.gz>ninit-data.tar.gz</a> +and <a href=ls-R.txt>ls-R</a> are also public. + +<p> +Ninit searches for a file called +<tt><a href="files.html#Depends">depends</a></tt> in the subdirectory +<tt><a href="subdirs.html#Default">default</a></tt>. +This file tells ninit which services should be +started by default (in fact it tells ninit that the service +<tt>default</tt> +depends on other services, but <tt>default</tt> is the directory ninit +starts to search in). Instead of the file <tt>default/depends</tt> it is +possible to start services with +<a href=man/scan.man>ninit-scan</a>. + +<!-- +Special subdirectories and files are described +<a href="#Special">here</a>. +--> + +<p> +Ninit doesn't start services alone. It uses the helper program +<tt>/etc/ninit/sys/<a href=man/run.html>run</a></tt> +to start a service. On this way ninit doesn't parse +the service instructions in the corresponding directory. +This keeps ninit small and it's easy to change +<tt>/etc/ninit/sys/run</tt>. + +<p> +There is a companion utility +<tt>/bin/<a href=man/nsvc.man>nsvc</a></tt> +that can be used much in the same +way as the +<tt><a href=http://cr.yp.to/daemontools/svc.html>svc</a></tt> +from daemontools. +Communication works over two fifos, +<tt>/etc/ninit/{in|out}</tt>. +Those have to exist before ninit is +started and they should be owned by root and have mode 600. +<!-- +<br> +If on box also exist +<a href=http://www.fefe.de/minit/>minit</a> then ninit must +use minit's +<a href="#SamePipes">fifos</a>. +--> + +<p> +While <tt>sys/run</a></tt> is the main +<tt><a href=man/ninit.man>ninit</a></tt> helper, +there are +also four auxiliary helpers +<tt><a href=man/pidfile.man>ninit-pidfile</a></tt>, +<tt><a href=man/pututmpid.man>pututmpid</a></tt>, +<tt><a href=man/runlevel.man>ninit-runlevel</a></tt> and +<tt><a href=man/sysvinit.man>ninit-sysvinit</a></tt> +used to start services. +<pr>The last three helpers +emulate <tt>/sbin/init</tt> behavior. + +<!-- +<h2><a name="Programs">Programs</a></h2> +<tt>/etc/ninit/sys/<a href=man/run.html>run</a></tt> - ninit helpler +--> + + +<h2><a name="HaltReboot">Shutdown and reboot</a></h2> +On a box running +<b>ninit</b> as process no 1 it is better to avoid using the SysVinit +programs shutdown, reboot, and halt. First, check the directory +<tt>/etc/ninit</tt>. Assuming you have the services +<tt>{_l0|halt}</tt> and +<tt>{_l6|reboot}</tt>, you can try +<pre> + nsvc -o halt + nsvc -o reboot +</pre> +If you have service <a href="subdirs.html#Ctrlaltdel">ctrlaltdel</a> then +<tt>CTRL-ALT-DELETE</tt> halts the hox. +<p> + + +The converter +<tt><a href=man/inittab.man>ninit-inittab</a></tt> +can +usually create these services for you. If they are still missing, the +last choice is to use the program +<tt><a href=man/shutdown.man>ninit-shutdown</a></tt>, +or alternatively +the SysVinit programs <i>shutdown, reboot, halt</i>. +Other problems with halt are described +<a href="FAQ.html#q11">here</a>.. + +<h2>Future</h2> + +<ul> +<li>explain why I decide to fork from Felix's <tt>minit</tt> +<li>write this page better (see also <a href=man/README>here<a>) +<li>tutorial for +<a href="subdirs.html#Services">creating</a> services (partially done) +<!-- +<li>explain the entries <tt>update_links</tt>, +<tt>ser_vi_ces</tt> and <tt>distro</tt> in Makefile +<li>explain why I decide to make one daemon as two separate programs: +<br> +<tt>/sbin/<a href=man/ninit.man>ninit<a></tt> +and <tt>/etc/ninit/<a href=man/run.html>run</a></tt>. Last program +only start a service and exit.</li> +--> +<li>explain better some new features of <tt>ninit</tt> which +are missing in <tt>minit</tt> (see also +<a href=FAQ.html#q12>here</a>). +<li>explain all compile options included in the file +<tt>ninitfeatures.h</tt> +</ul> + +<!-- +<h2>Translation table</h2> +between minit and ninit programs: +<pre> + /bin/msvc -> /bin/nsvc + /sbin/minit -> /sbin/ninit + /sbin/minit-update -> /sbin/ninit-reload + /sbin/hard-reboot -> /sbin/ninit-reboot + /sbin/mshutdown -> /sbin/ninit-shutdown +</pre> +It's possible to make a link +<pre> + cd /bin && ln -s nsvc msvc +</pre> +and continue to use <tt>msvc</tt> in shell scripts. +How to use <tt>pidfilehack</tt> see also +<a href="FAQ.html#q3">here</a>. +--> + +<h2>See also</h2> +Here are the package <a href=README>README</a> +and <a href=CHANGES>CHANGES</a>. +Almost all for <b>minit</b> is true for <b>ninit</b> also. +<br> +Other related <a href=links.html>links</a>. + + +<h2>Author: Nikola Vladov</h2> +If you like <b>ninit</b>, try also my +<a href=/ngetty/> +ngetty</a> - single daemon for all virtual consoles. +<br> +Send comments and suggestions using ninit +<a href=#List>mailing-list</a> or +<a href=/email.html> +qform</a>. +<br> +<b><font color=red>WARNING</font></b>: +ninit is tested only on i386 and x86_64 arch. + +<p> +Last modified: Feb 11 2010 +<br><br><br><br><br><br><br><br> +</body> +</html> |